Can Sunscreen Supplements Shield Your Skin? Insights from Top Dermatologists
When it comes to protecting our skin from harmful UV rays, many people are turning to photoprotective supplements. These pills or capsules claim to offer a convenient alternative to traditional sunscreen, which can be sticky and cumbersome to apply throughout the day. However, it’s important to understand the role these supplements play in skin care and how they should complement, rather than replace, conventional sun protection methods.
With a growing market flooded with options, what do these photoprotective supplements really offer? Let’s delve deeper into their ingredients, efficacy, and safety considerations.
Understanding Sunscreen Pills
Oral sunscreens typically contain a mixture of vitamins, minerals, carotenoids (natural pigments), and polyphenols (plant compounds). Many of these products feature the extract of Polypodium leucotomos (P. leucotomos), a fern native to Central and South America.
According to experts, in addition to P. leucotomos extract, the following components are commonly included:
- Nicotinamide: A form of vitamin B3 that helps repair UV-related DNA damage.
- Astaxanthin: An algae-derived ingredient known for neutralizing free radicals.
- Lycopene: A compound that may enhance the skin’s natural defenses against UV rays.
Keep in mind that these products are classified as dietary supplements, meaning they are not regulated by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
The Reality of Supplement Effects
Despite the promises made by these supplements, research on their effectiveness is limited. Dermatologist Dr. Asmi Berry mentions that, among the various ingredients, P. leucotomos has the most substantial evidence for its sun-protective properties.
Studies have indicated that:
- P. leucotomos has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects that can provide UV protection by neutralizing free radicals—something not offered by topical sunscreens.
- A 2015 study involving 20 participants taking 240 mg of oral P. leucotomos showed that those taking the supplement were less likely to experience sunburn compared to those on a placebo.
However, Dr. Berry warns that many studies are small, with some conducted on animals or in laboratory settings. “More research is needed on these products to make any firm claims about their sun protection benefits,” Dr. Elizabeth K. Hale emphasizes. She adds that oral supplements do not provide sufficient protection against UV radiation on their own.
Potential Concerns with Photoprotective Supplements
One of the main issues surrounding sun-protective supplements is the misleading belief they might foster—namely, that users can forgo traditional sun safety measures. Dermatologists, including Dr. Berry, often avoid using the term “oral sunscreen” to prevent this misconception.
Regardless of supplementation, applying standard topical sunscreen remains critical. The American Academy of Dermatology advises using a sunscreen with an SPF of at least 30.
Things to Consider Before Trying These Supplements
Before you decide to try a photoprotective supplement, it is advisable to consult with a dermatologist, especially if:
- You have known sensitivities to specific ingredients.
- You are pregnant or breastfeeding.
- You have allergies to ferns.
- You are taking other medications, particularly immune-modulating ones.
Importantly, because these supplements are not FDA-approved, there is no guarantee regarding their effectiveness or safety. They may not even contain the exact ingredients stated on their labels.
Ultimately, experts urge that photoprotective supplements like P. leucotomos should be viewed as complementary to traditional sunscreen. Dr. Nazarian notes that while she takes a daily PLE supplement, she emphasizes its use alongside topical sunscreen for optimal sun protection.
As Dr. Hale reiterates, “Everyone should apply sunscreen every day, regardless of what supplements you are taking.” By doing so, you ensure that your skin is safeguarded against the damaging effects of UV rays while harnessing the potential benefits of photoprotective supplements.
