Daily Allergy Medication: Safety Tips & Essential Insights You Need
Seasonal allergies, also known as allergic rhinitis or hay fever, affect more than 25% of the U.S. population. During allergy season, which typically spans from March to May, individuals may face uncomfortable symptoms like a runny nose, sneezing, and itchy eyes. To keep these allergies under control, effective allergy medications play a crucial role.
When considering how to manage these symptoms, it’s essential to understand what types of allergy medications are available and which ones are safe for long-term use.
Can You Take Allergy Medication Every Day?
While some allergy medications can be taken daily, others are meant for short-term relief. According to Dr. William Reisacher, an otolaryngic allergist at Weill Cornell Medicine and New York-Presbyterian Hospital:
“The two basic classes of allergy medication are the nasal steroid sprays and antihistamines, which come in oral tablets, eye drops, and a nasal spray.”
Nasal steroid sprays must be used daily to be effective; however, they should not exceed three months of use within a year for allergy relief. Some sprays like Flonase are available over the counter, while others like Azelastine may require a prescription.
In addition to nasal steroid sprays, other allergy medications such as leukotriene receptor antagonists are also deemed safe for daily use.
What Are the Safest Allergy Medications for Daily Use?
Nasal steroid sprays and prescription medications, including leukotriene receptor antagonists like montelukast (Singulair), are among the safest options for long-term allergy control. Dr. Reisacher notes:
“Leukotriene receptor antagonists are prescription medications used for asthma and allergies for many years, and they have a good safety profile, even after extended use.”
However, it’s important to recognize potential side effects. Research suggests that montelukast may increase the risk of neurological and psychiatric issues, particularly in younger populations.
Nasal steroid use can also lead to side effects, including:
- Increased risk of nasal septal perforation
- Nosebleeds
- Worsening cataracts and glaucoma for those with eye problems
Dr. Tania Farmer, an ENT surgeon, emphasizes:
“Long-term nasal steroid use may lead to growth issues in children, though more research is needed.”
If you have severe allergies, consult your healthcare provider for advice on medication safety and options.
Which Meds Aren’t Safe to Use Daily?
Generally, antihistamines, especially in conjunction with decongestants, are not recommended for everyday use. Here’s what you should know about antihistamines:
Antihistamines
Antihistamines should be used on an as-needed basis. Dr. Reisacher states:
“Antihistamines should be used on demand, not on schedule, and only when the symptoms of sneezing, itching, and runny nose are impacting quality of life significantly.”
Antihistamines are divided into two categories:
- Sedating (first-generation) – Examples include Benadryl and Atarax, which can cause drowsiness.
- Nonsedating (second-generation) – Examples include Claritin and Allegra; these are less likely to cause sedation.
Long-term use of first-generation antihistamines like diphenhydramine (Benadryl) has been associated with cognitive decline, particularly in older adults. On the other hand, second-generation antihistamines are considered safer.
Antihistamines with Decongestants
Be cautious with antihistamines combined with decongestants, labeled with a “D” (e.g., Benadryl-D, Claritin-D). They may lead to:
- Increased blood pressure
- Heart palpitations
- Anxiety
- Insomnia
According to Dr. Farmer, nasal decongestants can cause rebound congestion if used for more than three days. It’s safer to use a separate decongestant at a lower dose instead.
Other Ways to Manage Allergy Symptoms
If you’re interested in non-medicated alternatives, consider the following tips to manage your allergy symptoms:
- Keep windows closed at home and in the car
- Check pollen counts and plan outdoor activities accordingly
- Use saline nasal sprays to flush allergens
- Invest in a 24/7 air purifier
- Utilize a bedside humidifier
- Remove pollen-covered clothing before entering your home
- Minimize dust accumulation with hardwood flooring and decluttering
- Prevent pets in the bedroom
- Maintain a nutritious diet and restful sleep to support your immune system
Nosebleeds are common during the allergy season. Keeping first-aid remedies handy can help those with allergies manage exacerbations effectively.
If your allergy symptoms are unbearable and you seek relief, it’s advisable to consult an allergy specialist. They can help confirm an allergy diagnosis and discuss various management strategies, including medication, immunotherapy, and lifestyle changes.
